Susan Randolph is an American development economist, associate professor emerita of economics at the University of Connecticut, and co-founder of the Human Rights Measurement Initiative (HRMI). She is known for her work on the measurement of economic, social and cultural rights, particularly as a co-creator of the Social and Economic Rights Fulfillment (SERF) Index. In 2019, she was a co-recipient of the Grawemeyer Award for Ideas Improving World Order for her book Fulfilling Social and Economic Rights, co-authored with Sakiko Fukuda-Parr and Terra Lawson-Remer.